{"id":32173,"date":"2024-10-02T12:00:41","date_gmt":"2024-10-02T10:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geothermie-schweiz.ch\/?p=32173"},"modified":"2024-10-19T17:06:42","modified_gmt":"2024-10-19T15:06:42","slug":"exploitation-geothermique-en-toute-securite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geothermie-schweiz.ch\/fr\/exploitation-geothermique-en-toute-securite\/","title":{"rendered":"Exploitation g\u00e9othermique en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Geo-Energie Suisse SA, l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Gen\u00e8ve et l\u2019\u00c9cole polytechnique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Zurich (ETH) ont particip\u00e9 au projet de recherche international qui se focalise sur une meilleure \u00e9valuation et un contr\u00f4le plus fiable en g\u00e9othermie profonde.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Les temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es r\u00e9gnant dans les grandes profondeurs de la terre pr\u00e9sentent un grand potentiel pour la fourniture d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 et de chaleur. Apr\u00e8s quelques revers, l\u2019espoir rena\u00eet aujourd\u2019hui de pouvoir exploiter le potentiel de la g\u00e9othermie profonde pour un approvisionnement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique durable. En effet, de nouveaux outils de surveillance et de pr\u00e9vision permettent aujourd\u2019hui une meilleure \u00e9valuation et un contr\u00f4le plus fiable du risque sismique. C\u2019est ce que montre le projet de recherche international auquel l\u2019ETH de Zurich, l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Gen\u00e8ve et la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Geo-Energie Suisse SA ont \u00e9galement particip\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Simulation d\u00e9licate sur la roche<\/strong><br \/>\nL\u2019exploitation de la chaleur g\u00e9othermique \u00e0 partir de r\u00e9servoirs stimul\u00e9s \u00e0 grande profondeur \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 l\u2019id\u00e9e de base du forage g\u00e9othermique r\u00e9alis\u00e9 fin 2006 \u00e0 B\u00e2le. Cependant, plusieurs tremblements de terre perceptibles dans la r\u00e9gion de B\u00e2le se sont produits au cours du forage. Pour des raisons de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, le projet de g\u00e9othermie a \u00e9t\u00e9 interrompu. Ce revers a \u00e9t\u00e9 l\u2019occasion de d\u00e9velopper un nouveau concept de stimulation d\u00e9licate : la roche est stimul\u00e9e avec de l\u2019eau, mais seules certaines sections de quelques m\u00e8tres de long du trou de forage sont mises sous pression (\u00ab zones \u00bb). Pour cela, le trou de forage doit \u00eatre divis\u00e9 par des manchons en caoutchouc (\u00ab packer \u00bb) au pr\u00e9alable.<\/p>\n<p>Cette technique de stimulation, dite multi-\u00e9tapes, a depuis lors fait ses preuves en laboratoire et dans le cadre de projets pilotes. Des \u00e9tudes men\u00e9es par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Geo-Energie Suisse SA et l\u2019ETH dans le laboratoire souterrain de Bedretto (BedrettoLab) ont confirm\u00e9 que cette m\u00e9thode r\u00e9duisait le risque de s\u00e9ismes importants. La raison : un r\u00e9servoir peut \u00eatre stimul\u00e9 dans chaque zone, les injections d\u2019eau sont r\u00e9alis\u00e9es de mani\u00e8re \u00e9chelonn\u00e9e dans l\u2019espace et le temps. La m\u00e9thode permet ainsi de stimuler des micros\u00e9ismes dans chaque section de la roche avec pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment la force n\u00e9cessaire pour cr\u00e9er un r\u00e9servoir. Cela r\u00e9duit nettement la probabilit\u00e9 d\u2019un s\u00e9isme de plus grande ampleur.<\/p>\n<p><strong><br \/>\nDEEP<a href=\"https:\/\/geothermie-schweiz.ch\/wp_live\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/EXPLOITER-LA-CHALEUR.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-32175 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/geothermie-schweiz.ch\/wp_live\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Exploiter-la-chaleur-210x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"210\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geothermie-schweiz.ch\/wp_live\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Exploiter-la-chaleur-210x300.png 210w, https:\/\/geothermie-schweiz.ch\/wp_live\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Exploiter-la-chaleur-407x582.png 407w, https:\/\/geothermie-schweiz.ch\/wp_live\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Exploiter-la-chaleur-297x424.png 297w, https:\/\/geothermie-schweiz.ch\/wp_live\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Exploiter-la-chaleur-216x309.png 216w, https:\/\/geothermie-schweiz.ch\/wp_live\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Exploiter-la-chaleur-185x264.png 185w, https:\/\/geothermie-schweiz.ch\/wp_live\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Exploiter-la-chaleur-174x249.png 174w, https:\/\/geothermie-schweiz.ch\/wp_live\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Exploiter-la-chaleur-140x200.png 140w, https:\/\/geothermie-schweiz.ch\/wp_live\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Exploiter-la-chaleur.png 504w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 210px) 100vw, 210px\" \/><\/a><\/strong><br \/>\nDes scientifiques de sept pays (CH, D, F, Irlande, ITA, NL, USA) ont particip\u00e9 au consortium de recherche DEEP (\u00ab Innovation for De-Risking Enhanced Geothermal Energy Projects \u00bb). La coop\u00e9ration internationale a \u00e9t\u00e9 rendue possible gr\u00e2ce au financement du deuxi\u00e8me GEOTHERMICA Joint Call (2019).<\/p>\n<p>En Suisse, Geo-Energie Suisse SA, l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Gen\u00e8ve et l\u2019\u00c9cole polytechnique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Zurich (ETH) ont particip\u00e9 au projet. Cette derni\u00e8re a coordonn\u00e9 le projet de recherche international. La partie suisse du projet de trois ans a \u00e9t\u00e9 financ\u00e9 par l\u2019OFEN.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Plus d&rsquo;informations<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;article dans son int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 &#8211; p<\/strong><strong>ublication OFEN, 26.09.2024<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/geothermie-schweiz.ch\/wp_live\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/EXPLOITER-LA-CHALEUR.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exploiter la chaleur g\u00e9othermique de grande profondeur en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li>DEEP-Projekt: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.deepgeothermal.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.deepgeothermal.org<\/a><\/span> und <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.geothermica.eu\/projects\/call-2\/deep\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.geothermica.eu\/projects\/call-2\/deep\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>Utah FORGE: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.utahforge.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.utahforge.com<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li>Contact pour des informations suppl\u00e9mentaire sur le projet : <strong>Stefano Benato<\/strong>, directeur externe du programme de recherche sur la g\u00e9o\u00e9nergie de l\u2019OFEN, <a href=\"mailto:stefano.benato@bfe.admin.ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stefano.benato@bfe.admin.ch<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Geo-Energie Suisse SA, l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Gen\u00e8ve et l\u2019\u00c9cole polytechnique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Zurich (ETH) ont particip\u00e9 au projet de recherche international qui se focalise sur une meilleure \u00e9valuation et un contr\u00f4le [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":32187,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[1126,64],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32173","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-connaissances-professionnelles","category-geothermie-profonde"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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